Management Introduction
Questions 81 to 90
81.
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Which of the
following is the first step in formulating a career strategy?
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Forces/traits
within the manager that determine effective leadership behavior include
his/her
I. Values.
II. Confidence in subordinates.
III. Hunger for power.
IV. Aggressiveness.
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Which of the
following is an on-the-job training technique?
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According to
Maslow, a person who is looking for affection, belongingness, acceptance, and
friendship is at which need level?
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Creativity is an
important factor in managing people. Which of the following is not true with
regard to the creativity process?
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Which of the
following is not one of the leadership styles suggested by path-goal theory?
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Which of the
following is not an effective listening technique?
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According
to “Expectancy Theory”, the probability of an individual acting in a
particular way depends on
I. The personality of the individual and the likelihood that it
will change.
II. The company and its potential to move in the right direction.
III. The situation.
IV. The strength of that individual's belief that the act will have
a particular outcome and on whether the individual values that outcome.
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Which of the
following are reasons why productivity of knowledge workers is more difficult
to measure than productivity of industrial workers?
I. The quality of a knowledge worker’s output cannot be
determined immediately.
II. The output of a knowledge worker often contributes only
indirectly to the achievement of the end-result.
III. Upgraded skills of knowledge workers due
to rapid technological advances make output measurement difficult.
IV. Knowledge workers often assist other organizational units and
this contribution is difficult to measure.
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Which of the
following are the characteristics of the planning process usually adopted in
Japanese Management style?
I. Long-term orientation.
II. Individual decision-making.
III. Decisions flowing from bottom to top and
back.
IV. Slow decision-making.
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Answers
81.
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Answer : (b)
Reason : The steps in formulating a career strategy
are as follows :
· Preparation of a personal profile.
· Development of long-range personal and
professional goals.
· Analysis of the environment.
· Analysis of Personal Strengths and
Weaknesses.
· Development of Strategic Career
Alternatives.
· Consistency Testing and Strategic
Choices.
· Development of short-range career
objectives and action plans.
· Development of contingency plans.
· Implementation of the Career Plan.
· Monitoring Progress.
Hence, from above
discussion, we can infer that option (b) is correct.
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Answer : (d)
Reason : Forces/traits within the manager that
determine effective leadership behavior include his/her
· Values.
· Confidence in subordinates.
· Aggressiveness.
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Answer : (c)
Reason : Creation of “assistant-to” positions is an
on-the-job training technique.
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Answer : (c)
Reason : According to Maslow, a person who is looking for affection,
belongingness, acceptance, and friendship is said to be having a social need.
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Answer : (d)
Reason : Creativity is the ability to develop new
ideas. The creative process comprises four phases: unconscious scanning,
intuition, insight, and logical formulation. Intuition connects the
unconscious with the conscious, and leads to insight. In the final phase of
the creative process, insight is tested against organizational reality.
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Answer : (b)
Reason : Path-goal theory suggests four types of
leadership : Instrumental, supportive, participative, and
achievement-oriented leadership.
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Answer : (b)
Reason : Avoiding eye contact is not an effective
listening technique. Effective listening requires eye contact. Hence, from
above discussion, we can infer that option (b) is not an effective listening
technique. Options (a), (c), (d) and (e) are all effective listening
techniques.
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Answer
: (b)
Reason
: According to "expectancy
theory", the probability of an individual acting in a particular way
depends on the strength of that individual's belief that the act will have a
particular outcome and on whether the individual values that outcome. Hence
option (b) is the correct answer.
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Answer : (c)
Reason : The following are reasons why productivity of
knowledge workers is more difficult to measure than productivity of
industrial workers :
· The quality of a knowledge worker’s output
cannot be determined immediately.
· The output of a knowledge worker often
contributes only indirectly to the achievement of the end result.
· Knowledge workers often assist other
organizational units and this contribution is difficult to measure.
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Answer : (d)
Reason : The characteristics of the planning process
usually adopted in Japanese Management style are : (1) Long-term orientation,
(2) Collective decision-making, (3) Decisions flowing bottom to top and back,
(4) Slow decision-making. Hence, (d)
is the correct answer.
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