Management Introduction Questions and Answers 271 TO 280

Management Introduction 

Questions 271 to 280


271.
Using a method called structured observation, Mintzberg isolated ten roles which he believed were common to all managers. According to him, maintaining self-developed networks of outside contacts and informers who provide favours and information can be best described as
(a) The disseminator role             (b) The liaison role                                                             (c) The monitor role
(d) The entrepreneur role              (e) The leader role.
272.
The managers at the different managerial levels require different kinds of skills to perform the functions associated with their jobs. The major difference in skill requirements between middle and top managers is that
(a)   Top managers must generally be more skilled than middle managers in every respect
(b)   Top managers require better interpersonal skills but less conceptual skills than middle managers
(c)   Top managers generally require better technical and interpersonal skills than middle managers
(d)   Top managers generally require higher level conceptual skills but less technical skills than middle managers
(e)   Middle managers require better technical and conceptual skills than top managers.
273.
The term ‘ethics’ commonly refers to the rules or principles that define right and wrong conduct. Managers making ethical decisions may belong to any of the three levels of Moral Development, each composed of two stages. The Pre-conventional Level of Moral Development is concerned with which of the following stages?
(a)   Following rules only when it’s of interest
(b)   Living up to the expectations of people close to managers
(c)   Maintaining conventional order by fulfilling obligations which managers have agreed to
(d)   Valuing rights of others, and upholding non-relative values and rights, regardless of the majority's opinion
(e)   Following self-chosen ethical principles even if they violate the law.
274.
According to the Scientific Management School of Thought, which of the following is defined as the systematic, objective and critical examination of all the factors governing the operational efficiency of a specified activity to bring about improvement?
(a) Work Methods Study                        (b) Micromotion Study
(c) Time Study                                       (d) Motion Study
(e) Performance Study.
275.
Max Weber, a German contemporary of Henri Fayol, coined the term “bureaucracy”, based on the German word “buro” meaning office, to identify large organizations that operated on a rational basis. All of the following are characteristics of bureaucracy except
(a) Centralized authority                          (b) Formalized rules and regulations
(c) Standardized operating tasks            (d) Wide spans of control
(e) Multiple hierarchical levels.
276.
Planning is the first function of management and can be defined as the process by which managers set missions and objectives, assess the future and develop courses of action to accomplish these objectives. However, there is no shortage of myths and misconceptions about planning. Which of the following statements is a common misconception about planning?
(a) The end result of planning is only one of its purposes
(b) Planning cannot eliminate change
(c) Planning that proves inaccurate is a waste of management’s time
(d) The process of planning can, in itself, be valuable even if the results are inaccurate
(e) Planning is only a constraint if management stops planning after doing it once.
277.
Problems are encountered at all levels in an organization, and managers at various levels have to solve them or manage them in the best possible way. Which of the following is a series of interrelated sequential steps that can be used to respond to a well-structured problem?
(a) Rule                   (b) Policy                (c) Budget               (d) Procedure          (e) Norm.
278.
Assume that you have recently been assigned to a committee that is given the responsibility to review and institute a process for employees to use when requesting upgrades in computer equipment. Which type of objectives would you most likely be developing?
(a) Intermediate-term objectives              (b) Long-term objectives
(c) Short-term objectives                        (d) Organizational objectives
(e) Division objectives.
279.
Raj, Ramesh and Rajesh are all making decisions about how to approach the team project. They have only one week to write a 75-page analysis of the government's suit against Microsoft. In addition, they all work full-time. Which decision-making model will they probably rely on?
(a) Rational                                            (b) Break-even analysis                          (c) Intuition
(d) Bounded rationality                           (e) Garbage-can.
280.
Keith Davis and William C. Frederick have worked on the concept of social responsiveness. According to them the social responsiveness of an organization can be measured on the basis of which of the following criteria?
(a)   Contributions to profit-oriented projects
(b)   Fair treatment of employees; fair pay and safe working conditions
(c)   Unequal employment opportunity
(d)   Unsafe and poor quality products to customers
(e)   Disregard to environment pollution.

Answers


271.
Answer : (b)
Reason : The three general types of managerial roles identified by Mintzberg are: interpersonal, informational and decisional roles. According to him maintaining self-developed networks of outside contacts and informers who provide favours and information can be best described as liaison role.
272.
Answer : (d)
Reason : The major difference in skill requirements between middle and top managers is that top managers generally require higher level conceptual skills but less technical skills than middle managers.
       Hence, from above discussion, we can infer that option (d) is correct.
273.
Answer : (a)
Reason : Pre-conventional Level of Moral Development is influenced exclusively by personal interest. It is concerned with following rules only when it's of interest.
       Hence from above discussion, we can infer that option (a) is correct.
274.
Answer : (a)
Reason : According to the Scientific Management School of Thought, Work Methods Study is defined as the systematic, objective and critical examination of all the factors governing the operational efficiency of a specified activity to bring about improvement.
               Hence, from above discussion, we can infer that option (a) is correct.
275.
Answer : (d)
Reason : A bureaucracy is a highly structured, formalized and impersonal organization. It has narrow spans of control, as there are multiple hierarchical levels.
Hence, from above discussion, we can infer that option (d) is not a characteristic of bureaucracy.
       Options (a), (b), (c) and (e) are all characteristic of bureaucracy.
276.
Answer : (c)
Reason : Planning is defined as the process by which managers set missions and objectives, assess the future and develop courses of action to accomplish these objectives.
Management that does a good job of planning will have direction and purpose, and planning is likely to minimize wasted effort. All of these can occur, even if the objectives being sought are missed.
       Hence, from above discussion, we can infer that option (c) is a common misconception about planning.
277.
Answer : (d)
Reason : A procedure is a series of interrelated sequential steps that can be used to respond to a well-structured problem. (a) Rules are statements of actions that must be taken or not taken in a given situation. (b) A policy is defined as a general guideline for taking an action. (c) A budget is a statement that outlines the expected results of a given future period in numerical terms. (e) Norms are standards set by a group that regulate and foster uniformity in member behaviors
278.
Answer : (c)
Reason : An objective is the aim of an action. It implies a specific work to be accomplished within a given period of time.
Short-term objective is developed to accomplish a work in a very short period of time.
       Hence, from above discussion, we can infer that option (c) is correct.
279.
Answer :  (d)
Reason : Raj, Ramesh and Rajesh are all making decisions about how to approach the team project and they will probably rely on Bounded rationality, which is defined as a concept that suggests that the ability of managers to be perfectly rational in making decisions is limited by such factors as cognitive capacity and time constraints. (a) In rational decision-making, managers possess and understand all the information that is relevant to their decisions at the time they make them. (b) Break-even analysis is a measure by which the level of sales, which is necessary to cover all fixed costs, can be determined. (c) Intuition is "direct perception of truth, fact, etc., independent of any reasoning process; immediate apprehension." (e) Garbage-can model is a non-rational model of managerial decision-making stating that managers behave in virtually a random pattern in making nonprogrammed decisions.
280.
Answer : (b)
Reason : The social responsiveness of an organization can be measured on the basis of fair treatment of employees; fair pay and safe working conditions.
              Hence from above discussion, we can infer that option (b) is correct.

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