Management Introduction
Questions281 to 290
In the area of diversity, establishing task forces or
committees to explore issues and provide ideas, carefully choosing work
assignments to support the career development of all employees, and
evaluating the extent to which diversity goals are being achieved would most
likely be classified under which of the following managerial roles?
(a)
Planning (b) Staffing (c) Leading (d) Organizing (e) Controlling.
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In recent years, research has proved that culture has a
tremendous impact on management practices. Which of the following is not a characteristic of
Organizational Culture?
(a)
It may vary in strength
(b)
It is indistinct in nature
(c)
It is based on certain norms
(d)
It promotes dominant and stable values
(e) It shapes philosophy and rules.
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Organizations that have divisional structure but do not
treat the divisions as autonomous businesses, so that they can have control
over both the revenues and expenses, may opt to set up
(a)
Standard Cost Centers (b)
Revenue Centers (c) Profit Centers
(d) Investment Centers
(e) Distribution Centers.
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The authority given by an organization to a member holding
a position is referred to as
(a) Legitimate power (b) Coercive power (c) Expert power
(d) Referent power (e)
Reward power.
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A purchasing department may be
created because the hospital administrator cannot effectively handle all
purchasing. The purchasing department would evaluate the vendors and suggest
the appropriate ones for purchasing the materials. What type of position
authority has been created?
(a)
Accountability (b) Line authority (c) Staff authority
(d) Responsibility (e) Expert
power.
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Different behavioural scientists have developed different
theories on motivation. One such behavioural scientist by the name of
Herzberg gave the two-factor theory of motivation. Which of the following
four responses are considered as Herzberg’s hygiene factors?
(a) Personal life, security, salary and
recognition
(b) Advancement, salary, status, company policy
(c)
Relationship with peers, status,
supervision and security
(d)
Working conditions, relationship with
subordinates, supervision and work itself
(e) Responsibility,
salary, status, company policy.
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Lyman W. Porter and Edward E. Lawler III developed the
expanded expectancy theory model. Which of the following is not true with regard to the Porter and Lawler model of motivation?
(a)
It is built on Vroom’s expectancy
theory
(b)
It means motivation is not a simple
cause-and-effect matter
(c)
It assumes that satisfaction leads to
performance
(d)
It emphasizes reward structure
(e) It assumes that performance leads to
intrinsic as well as extrinsic rewards.
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The four phases of Creative process are
I.
Logical formulation.
II.
Intuition.
III.
Unconscious scanning.
IV.
Insight.
The order in which the process takes place is
(a)
(I), (II), (III) and (IV) (b)
(II), (III), (IV) and (I)
(c)
(III), (II), (IV) and (I) (d)
(IV), (I), (III) and (II)
(e)
(III), (I), (IV) and (II).
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One of the most popular explanations of human motivations
was developed by the psychologist, Abraham Maslow, and popularized during the
early 1960s. According to Maslow, an employee who has a need for more
self-respect, has unmet
(a)
Esteem needs (b)
Physiological needs (c) Safety needs
(d) Social needs (e)
Self-actualization needs.
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According to the Tannenbaum and Schmidt Leadership model,
which of the following would be most
accurate regarding someone exhibiting behavior toward right of the
continuum of leader behaviours?
(a)
He would be a boss-centered leader
(b)
He would be more likely to ask the
group to make a decision
(c)
He would be more autocratic
(d)
He would be more likely to
"sell" the decision
(e)
He would present ideas and invite
questions.
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Answers
Answer : (d)
Reason : L.A. Allen
defined organizing as "the process of identifying and grouping the work
to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority, and
establishing relationships for the purpose of enabling people to work most
effectively together in accomplishing objectives".
In the area of diversity, organizing involves establishing
task forces or committees to explore issues and provide ideas, carefully
choosing work assignments to support the career development of all employees,
and evaluating the extent to which diversity goals are being achieved.
Hence, from
above discussion, we can infer that option (d) is correct.
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Answer : (b)
Reason : Organizational
Culture is the collection of shared beliefs, values, rituals, stories, myths
and specialized language that foster a feeling of community among
organization members.
It is distinctive in nature, as each organization has its
own management philosophy, mission and objectives etc.
Hence from above discussion, we can infer that option (b)
is not a characteristic of
Organizational Culture.
Options (a),
(c), (d) and (e) are all characteristics of Organizational Culture.
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Answer : (c)
Reason : Organizations that have divisional
structure but do not treat the divisions as autonomous businesses, so
that they can have control over both the revenues and expenses, may opt to set up Profit Centers. When
Organizations treat the divisions as autonomous businesses they may opt to
set up Investment Centers.
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Answer : (a)
Reason : The
authority given by an organization to a member holding a position is referred
to as Legitimate
power.
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Answer : (c)
Reason : Staff
authority is created when a purchasing
department is created because the hospital administrator cannot effectively
handle all purchasing.
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Answer : (c)
Reason : According to
Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory, relationship with peers, status,
supervision and security are the four responses, that are all hygiene
factors.
Hence, from
above discussion, we can infer that option (c) is correct.
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Answer : (c)
Reason : The
Porter-Lawler model of motivation, which is an improvement of the expectancy
theory, assumes that motivation does not equal satisfaction. It assumes
satisfaction does not lead to performance. Rather, the converse is true:
performance can, but does not always, lead to satisfaction through the reward
process. It assumes that motivation is not a simple cause-and-effect matter.
The model advocates that managers carefully assess their reward structures
and also assumes that performance leads to intrinsic as well as extrinsic
rewards.
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Answer : (c)
Reason : Creative
process is rarely simple and linear and usually comprises four overlapping
and interacting phases. Phase (I): Unconscious scanning, Phase (II):
Intuition, Phase III: Insight and Phase (IV): Logical formulation.
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Answer : (a)
Reason : According to
Maslow, an employee who has a need for more self-respect, has unmet Esteem
needs.
Hence from
above discussion, we can infer that option (a) is correct.
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Answer : (b)
Reason : According to
the Tannenbaum and Schmidt Leadership model, the statement that would be most accurate regarding someone
exhibiting behavior toward right of the continuum of leader behaviours is
option (b), i.e., He would be more likely to ask the group to make a
decision.
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